Nebius Group N.V. is a technology company headquartered in Amsterdam that provides artificial intelligence infrastructure, including cloud computing and machine learning platforms for AI developers. The company emerged from the restructuring of Yandex N.V., the former Dutch parent of Russian technology company Yandex, and now operates independently with a focus on AI infrastructure. Nebius owns several subsidiaries, including Avride and TripleTen, and holds stakes in Toloka and Clickhouse, with offices in Israel and the United States.
The company's origins trace back to Yandex, a Russian search engine founded in 1997. Yandex N.V. was registered as the Dutch parent company in 2007 and raised $1.3 billion in an initial public offering on the NASDAQ in May 2011. Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, Yandex N.V.'s securities were suspended from trading on the NASDAQ due to international sanctions. In July 2024, Yandex N.V. sold its Russian assets to a consortium of Russian investors, retaining businesses that operated outside Russia. This restructuring led to the creation of Nebius Group, with Arkady Volozh as CEO, and the company resumed trading on the NASDAQ in October 2024.
History and Restructuring
The transition from Yandex N.V. to Nebius Group involved a complex corporate restructuring. After selling its Russian operations, the company retained international businesses, including Avride (autonomous driving), TripleTen (education), and stakes in Toloka (crowdsourcing) and Clickhouse (database technology). Over 1,000 former Yandex employees joined the new entity. The name change to Nebius Group N.V. reflected the company's new focus on AI infrastructure rather than search and internet services.
In February 2026, Nebius announced the acquisition of Tavily, an agentic search company, for approximately $400 million. The same month, the company revealed plans to build an AI factory in Birmingham, Alabama, intended to expand the region's technology and AI industry. On 11 March 2026, Nvidia announced it would invest $2 billion in Nebius, signaling significant confidence in the company's growth trajectory.
Operations and Infrastructure
Nebius operates servers and data centers, providing cloud infrastructure specifically designed for AI developers. The company's infrastructure includes a data center in Mäntsälä, Finland, a GPU cluster at an Equinix data center in Paris, a GPU cluster at a data center in Kansas City, Missouri (under construction), and a 300MW data center in Vineland, New Jersey (also under construction). These facilities support the computational demands of Machine learning and Deep learning workloads, including training and inference for Large language models and Transformer (architecture) architectures.
The company's cloud platform offers scalable computing resources, storage, and networking optimized for AI applications. By focusing on infrastructure rather than consumer products, Nebius competes with other AI cloud providers such as Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud, as well as specialized AI infrastructure companies like Coreweave and Cerebras.
Funding and Investments
In December 2024, Nebius raised $700 million through private investors, including Nvidia, which acquired a 0.5% stake in the company, and Accel Partners. This funding round supported the expansion of its data center footprint and the development of new AI infrastructure capabilities. The subsequent $2 billion investment from Nvidia in March 2026 further strengthened the company's financial position and strategic partnership with one of the leading AI hardware manufacturers.
Nebius's ownership structure includes its subsidiaries and stakes in other technology companies. Avride focuses on autonomous vehicle technology, while TripleTen provides online education in tech fields. Toloka is a crowdsourcing platform for data annotation, and Clickhouse is an open-source columnar database management system. These diverse holdings allow Nebius to participate in multiple segments of the AI ecosystem.
Market Position and Future Outlook
Nebius operates in the rapidly growing AI infrastructure market, which has seen increasing demand for specialized computing resources to train and deploy Artificial intelligence models. The company's strategy involves building large-scale data centers and GPU clusters in strategic locations across Europe and the United States. The planned AI factory in Birmingham, Alabama, represents a significant investment in domestic US AI infrastructure, potentially creating jobs and fostering local technology development.
The acquisition of Tavily in 2026 positions Nebius in the emerging field of agentic AI, which involves AI systems that can autonomously perform tasks and make decisions. This move, combined with its infrastructure investments, suggests a broader ambition to provide both the computational foundation and the software tools needed for advanced AI applications.
As of early 2026, Nebius continues to expand its operations, with construction ongoing at multiple data center sites. The company's success will depend on its ability to compete with established cloud providers and specialized AI infrastructure firms, while also managing the capital-intensive nature of building and operating large-scale computing facilities. The backing of Nvidia and other major investors provides financial resources, but the competitive landscape remains intense, with rapid technological advancements in Neural network hardware and software.
Corporate Governance and Leadership
Arkady Volozh, who previously led Yandex, serves as CEO of Nebius Group. The company maintains its headquarters in Amsterdam, with offices in Israel and the United States, reflecting its international operations. The board and management team bring experience from Yandex's technology and business operations, adapting those skills to the AI infrastructure sector. The company's listing on the NASDAQ provides access to public capital markets, and its trading resumed in October 2024 after the suspension related to sanctions.
Nebius's corporate structure as a Dutch N.V. (public limited company) provides a stable legal framework for its international operations. The company's name change from Yandex N.V. to Nebius Group N.V. marked a clear break from its Russian origins, allowing it to operate without the constraints of sanctions and geopolitical tensions. This restructuring enabled the company to focus on the growing global demand for AI infrastructure, positioning it as a significant player in the field.