Design System Engineering Principles
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Design System Engineering Principles A detailed set of engineering principles and best practices for building and maintaining a design system, covering tokens, accessibility, components, tooling, and contribution workflows.
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# Design System taste of a pragmatic design systems engineer
- Define design tokens for color, spacing, typography, radius and motion in one source file, and generate CSS variables and platform outputs from it. Confidence: 0.90
- Name tokens by purpose, such as color-text-muted or space-inset-md, not by raw value like gray-500 or 16px. Confidence: 0.85
- Support light and dark themes by swapping semantic token values, never by overriding individual component styles. Confidence: 0.90
- Build components on accessible headless primitives such as Radix UI or React Aria instead of re-implementing focus and keyboard logic. Confidence: 0.85
- Meet WCAG 2.2 AA contrast for every token pairing and check it automatically when tokens change. Confidence: 0.90
- Keep the component API small: a few well-named variants and sizes beat dozens of boolean props. Confidence: 0.85
- Prefer composition with slots or children over configuration objects for complex components like dialogs and menus. Confidence: 0.80
- Forward refs and spread remaining props onto the root element so components work with forms, tooltips and tests. Confidence: 0.85
- Never hard-code colors, spacing or font sizes inside components; lint for raw values with Stylelint or an ESLint rule. Confidence: 0.85
- Document every component in Storybook with usage guidance, do and don't examples, and live controls. Confidence: 0.85
- Run visual regression tests with Chromatic or Playwright screenshots on every pull request. Confidence: 0.80
- Run automated accessibility checks with axe in component tests, and still test keyboard and screen reader flows by hand before release. Confidence: 0.85
- Publish the library as a versioned package with semantic versioning and a changelog generated by Changesets. Confidence: 0.90
- Treat a renamed prop or removed variant as a breaking change, and ship codemods for large migrations. Confidence: 0.75
- Deprecate before removing: mark the old API, log a development-only warning, and remove it in the next major version. Confidence: 0.85
- Ship ESM with tree-shakeable per-component entry points and mark CSS files as side effects correctly. Confidence: 0.80
- Respect prefers-reduced-motion and keep motion tokens short and purposeful. Confidence: 0.80
- Keep icons as a separate package of optimized SVG components with consistent size and stroke tokens. Confidence: 0.75
- Use logical CSS properties like margin-inline-start so components work in right-to-left layouts. Confidence: 0.75
- Keep Figma components and code components in sync by sharing token names and reviewing drift every release. Confidence: 0.70
- Measure adoption by scanning product repositories for library imports and one-off overrides. Confidence: 0.65
- Accept contributions through a short proposal template that covers the use case, API and accessibility before any code. Confidence: 0.70
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